Semester 1

Unit Review Sheet

Facts and Definitions

Lesson 1: Letter Sounds Review I

• There are 26 letters in the alphabet. Each letter represents one or more sounds.
• There are 2 kinds of letters: consonants and vowels.
• Words that start with the same letter often have the same starting sound.
• Segmenting is breaking a word into its individual sounds, and blending is putting sounds together to make words.
• Word families are groups of words that share letters in common and have a similar sound.
• We read from left to right and from top to bottom on a page.
• Sounding out a word can help us read new/unfamiliar words.
• A sentence is a group of words that mean something.
• A period comes at the end of most sentences and means the sentence is ending.
• An exclamation point tells us to read something with feeling.

Lesson 2: Letter Sounds Review II

• A question mark comes at the end of a question.

Lesson 3: Letter Sounds Review III

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Lesson 4: Letter Sounds Review IV

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Lesson 5: Adding s, More Word Families, Ending with ck

• To make a singular word plural, sometimes we add s to the word (for example, "cat" becomes "cats").
• The /k/ sound is spelled using ck when it comes at the end of a word and after a short vowel sound (for example, "neck" and "back").

Lesson 6: Open Syllables and Digraph th

• Rhyming words are words that end with the same sound, such as "pest" and nest."
• A syllable is a unit of spoken language that has one vowel sound, with or without consonants, and that makes up a whole word or a part of a word. Words often have multiple syllables.
• An open syllable is a syllable that ends with a vowel. The vowel has a long vowel sound (for example, /ē/ as in "we").
• A closed syllable is a syllable that ends with a consonant and has a short vowel sound.
• A digraph is a combination of two letters that makes one sound (for example, "th" makes the beginning sound /th/ as in "thin" and "that). There are both consonant and vowel digraphs.

Lesson 7: Consonant Digraphs ch, sh, wh, ph

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Lesson 8: Blends with s

• A blend is a combination of two or three letters (usually consonants) at the beginning or end of a word in which each letter makes its sound (for example, sn in "snake" and sk in "mask").

Lesson 9: Blends with l

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Lesson 10: Blends with r

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Lesson 11: Ending Blends

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Lesson 12: Double ll, ss, ff, zz (FLOSS)

• The FLOSS rule states that when the letters l, s, f, and z come after a short vowel sound in a one-syllable word the letter is doubled, as in "hill," "floss," "sniff," and "buzz."
• A syllable is a word or word part that has one vowel sound. "Pan" has one syllable, while "pancake" has two syllables.

Lesson 13: Glued Sounds ng and nk

• Glued sounds are groups of letters in which the individual letter sounds can be hard to hear. Examples include ng, as in "king," and nk as in "bank."

Lesson 14: Three-Letter Beginning Blends

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Lesson 15: More Ending Blends

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Lesson 16: R-Controlled Vowels (ar)

• The letter r can change the way the vowel before it is pronounced. For example, the a in "bat" is pronounced differently from the a in "bar."

Lesson 17: Semester Review

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