Industrialization, Urbanization, and Immigration

Unit Review Sheet

Facts and Definitions

Lesson 1: Urbanization and Migration

• Between the end of the Civil War and the beginning of World War II, well over a million African Americans left the South to move to northern cities. This massive relocation is known as the Great Migration.

Lesson 2: Indian Wars in the West

• American Indian children were often removed from their homes and families to attend boarding schools where they were required to change their hair and dress, speak English, and assimilate into the broader American culture.
• Wounded Knee was the last armed conflict in the warfare between native people and the U.S. government.

Lesson 3: New Technologies

• Thomas Edison developed several important technologies, including electric lighting.
• Alexander Graham Bell created the first practical telephone.
• The Wright Brothers invented a powered fixed-wing aircraft.

Lesson 4: New Industries

• The term sweatshop is a negative term referring to a work environment that is unduly dangerous or difficult.
• Many people called wealthy business owners of the late 19th and early 20th centuries robber barons, a term that implied that they used unfair business practices or unscrupulous influence with government to create their wealth.

Lesson 5: Immigration

• Immigrants came to America both because of "push factors" encouraging them to leave their home countries and "pull factors" that drew them toward new opportunities in American cities.
• Many immigrants settled in neighborhoods with other people from their home countries.

Lesson 6: Social Problems

• The social problems that emerged in urban areas gave rise to a large number of social reform movements.
• The Progressive Era (roughly 1890-1920) was a period of activism and legislation aimed at social reform that addressed issues such as poverty, public health, immigration, and more.
• Samuel Gompers was an important labor leader during the Progressive Era.

Lesson 7: Politics

• Grangerism was a movement started in the late 1860s to support the interests of farmers. The Grange continues today, but was particularly important in creating regulations for railroads and grain elevator companies through the 1880s.
• The Populist Party took up some of the issues that the Grange had supported in the later 19th and early 20th centuries.

Lesson 8: World War I

• A German submarine sank the passenger ship Lusitania in 1915, killing hundreds of people including many Americans and sparking international outrage.
• The U.S. entered World War I in 1917, near the end of the war.

Final Project: A Dramatic Performance or Scrapbook

• Be sure to review the "Things to Know" sections from each lesson and look back over your work from the unit in preparation for your Unit Test.